Clonazolam pellets 200 µg

Clonazolam pellets 200 µg – More information

Clonazolam (also known as Clonitrazolam) is a novel depressant substance of the benzodiazepine chemical class which produces anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic effects when administered. This compound is a novel research chemical derivative of the FDA-approved drugs clonazepam (Klonopin, Rivitrol) and alprazolam (Xanax). Clonazolam is reported to be roughly 2.5x as potent as alprazolam.

The synthesis of clonazolam was first reported in 1971. It was described as the most active compound in the series tested. Clonazolam is reputed to be highly potent, and concerns have been raised that it and flubromazolam may pose comparatively higher risks than other designer benzodiazepines due to their ability to produce strong sedation and amnesia at oral doses as low as 0.5 mg, or 500 micrograms (ug). It is reported to have a medium-length onset of action (20 – 60 minutes).

Very little is known about this substance, but it has recently become easily accessible through online research chemical vendors where it is being sold as a designer drug. Due to its extremely high potency, it is often found on blotter paper or in volumetrically dosed solutions. Ingestion of raw clonazolam powder is unsafe due to its microgram-range potency and the ease in which it can lead to multi-day blackouts.

Sudden discontinuation of benzodiazepines can cause seizures (which may be life-threatening in certain cases) for individuals who have been heavily using them for a prolonged period of time. For this reason, it is recommended to gradually lower the daily dose over a period of time instead of stopping abruptly — a technique known as tapering.

Due to the high dependence-forming and addiction potential that this substance shares with other members of the benzodiazepine class, as well as its alcohol-like ability to induce dangerously disinhibited black-out states, it is strongly advised to use proper harm reduction practices if choosing to use this substance.

clinical data

Clonazolam dosage table

Clonazolam effect progress

Chemistry

Clonazolam is a drug of the benzodiazepine class. Benzodiazepine drugs contain a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring, which is a seven membered ring with the two nitrogen constituents located at R₁ and R₄. The benzyl ring of clonazolam is substituted at R₈ with a nitro group, NO₂-. Further, the diazepine ring is bonded at R₆ to a 2-chlorinated phenyl ring.

Clonazolam also contains a 1-methylated triazole ring fused to and incorporating R₁ and R₂ of its diazepine ring. Clonazolam belongs to a class of benzodiazepines containing this fused triazole ring, called triazolobenzodiazepines, distinguished by the suffix “-zolam.” Clonazolam is also a nitrobenzodiazepine, a subclass of benzodiazepines which contain a nitro (NO₂-) group. Other nitrobenzodiazepines include clonazepam and flunitrazepam.

Toxicity

Clonazolam likely has a low toxicity relative to dose. However, it is potentially lethal when mixed with depressants like alcohol or opioids.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices, such as volumetric dosing, when using this substance to ensure the accurate administration of the intended dose.

Tolerance

Clonazolam is generally considered to be extremely physically and psychologically addictive.

Tolerance will develop to the sedative-hypnotic effects within a couple of days of continuous use. After cessation, the tolerance returns to baseline in 7 – 14 days. However, in certain cases, this may take significantly longer in a manner which is proportional to the duration and intensity of one’s long-term usage.

Clonazolam presents cross-tolerance with all benzodiazepines, meaning that after its consumption all benzodiazepines will have a reduced effect.

Discontinuation and withdrawal

Benzodiazepine discontinuation is notoriously difficult; it is potentially life-threatening for individuals using regularly to discontinue use without tapering their dose over a period of weeks. There is an increased risk of high blood pressure, seizures, and death. Substances which lower the seizure threshold such as tramadol should be avoided during withdrawal. Abrupt discontinuation also causes rebound stimulation which presents as anxiety, insomnia and restlessness.

If one wishes to discontinue after a period of regular use, it is safest to reduce the dose each day by a very small amount for a couple of weeks until close to abstinence. If using a short half-life benzodiazepine such as alprazolam or etizolam, a longer acting variety such as diazepam or clonazepam can be substituted. Symptoms may still be present, but their severity will be reduced significantly.

For more information on tapering from benzodiazepines in a controlled manner, please see this guide. Small quantities of alcohol can also help to reduce the symptoms, but otherwise cannot be used as an effective tapering agent.

The duration and severity of withdrawal symptoms depend on a number of factors including the half-life of the substance used, tolerance and the duration of abuse. Major symptoms will usually start within just a few days after discontinuation and persist for around a week for shorter lasting benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines with longer half-lives will exhibit withdrawal symptoms with a slow onset and extended duration.

Overdose

Benzodiazepine overdose may occur with extremely high doses or, more commonly, when it is taken with other depressants. This risk is especially present with other GABAergic depressants, such as barbiturates and alcohol, since they work in a similar fashion but bind to distinct sites on the GABA_A receptor, resulting in significant cross-potentiation.

Benzodiazepine overdose is a medical emergency that may lead to a coma, permanent brain injury or death if not treated promptly. Symptoms may include severe slurred speech, confusion, delusions, respiratory depression, and non-responsiveness. The user might seem like they are sleepwalking. The user is also more susceptible to consume more of the same or another substance due to their impaired judgement, which is typically not seen with other substances during overdose.

Benzodiazepine overdoses may be treated effectively in a hospital environment, with generally favorable outcomes. Care is primarily supportive in nature, although overdoses are sometimes treated with flumazenil, a GABA_A antagonist or additional procedures such as adrenaline injections if other substances are involved.